Hello hello hello ! ない forms are one of the most important forms when learning N5 (basic level) Japanese. It's surprising that students who know how to make ない forms of the verbs sometimes fail to answer one simple question. 'What are ない form of the verbs ?'
Like I have said in my introduction, I am here to help you with your Japanese language needs, and so, I am going to tell you exactly what these ない forms are and of course how to make them.
What are ない form of the verbs ?
These are nothing but negative forms of the verbs.
For example, the negative form of たべます is たべません. The ない forms have the same meaning as the negative form of the verb and therefore たべません= たべない. These are, as the books say, the plain versions/forms. So, whenever you are using casual speech, you can use plain forms and hence instead of using
~ません, you can use ~ない forms.
How to make ない forms of the verbs
Let's understand this group wise.
✨Group 3 is always the easiest since it has only 2 verbs. Like I said before, you don't need to memorize any rules for this group.
くる (to come ) ーー こない (don't come)
する (to do) ーーしない (don't come)
✨Group 2 is also trouble-free.
Just remove る from the end of the dictionary form of the verb and add ない.
If you are making ない form, from ます form then simply remove ます from the end and add ない.
たべる (to eat) ーーremove るーーadd ない＝たべない (don't eat)
みる (to see ) ーーremove るーーadd ない＝ みない (don't see)
おぼえる (to memorize) ーー remove るーー add ない＝おぼえない (don't/can't memorize)
✨For group 1, follow these steps
Look the dictionary forms of group 1 verbs. You will notice that all of them end in 'u' sounds like 'ku', 'su', 'u', 'tsu' etc.
For changing group 1 verbs into 'nai' forms you simply have to change the 'u' sound to 'a' sound of the same line.
For example,
いく (to go) ---- change く(u sound) to か (a sound)ーーadd ない---いかない (don't go)
もつ (to have/hold)--- change つ to た--- add ない--- もたない (don't have)
およぐ (to swim)--- change ぐ to が--- add ない--- およがない (don't swim)
のむ (to drink)--- change む to ま--- add ない--- のまない (don't drink)
There is only one exception that you have to remember. In case of verbs ending with う like かう、あう、あらう, we don't change う to あ. Instead, we change う to わ.
Let me make it more clear for you:
あう (to meet) -- remove う and add わ (not あ）--- add ない= あわない (don't meet)
かう (to buy) -- remove う add わ (not あ）--- add ない= かわない (don't buy)
That's all for 'nai' forms !
Now let's see one of the uses of these forms
Please don't do ~~
If you remember, we learned how to make て forms and how to say 'please do~~'.
Ex:
たべてください= please eat
のんでください= please drink
We used ください which means 'please'.
For saying 'please don't do ~~' also, we used ください.
ない form of the verb + でください
Example:
Please don't eat = たべない ('nai' form of たべる) + でください = たべないでください
Please don't go = いかない ('nai' form of いく) + でください = いかないでください
Please don't drink = のまない ('nai' form of のむ) + でください = のまないでください
Please don't buy = かわない ('nai' form of かう) + でください = かわないでください
Of course casually its just : たべないで、いかないで、のまないで、かわないで、はしらないで、およがないで、はなさないで。。。
That's all !
If you have any questions please leave comment below.
Lots of love
Indu
Comments